Upgrade OS paths
Microsoft Geek
Upgrade Paths Existing OS Upgrade to Windows 2000? Upgrade to Windows XP? Windows 95 Yes No Windows 98 Yes Yes Windows ME No Yes Windows NT 4.0 Workstation Yes Yes…
Types of Memory
Type of Memory Description DRAM (Dynamic RAM) Memory that must be refreshed. SRAM (Static RAM) (L1, L2, L3) Does not require refresh. Used for cache memory. SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic RAM)…
Tools Useful to the A+ Technician
Tool Description or Purpose Compact Tool Box I like to have as small a toolbox as I can that can still carry my most essential tools to work on a…
SCSI Specifications
SCSI Standard Number/Name Bus Width Throughput (MBps) Cable Pin Count Signaling Max Devices (Incl. Host Adapter) Max Length (M) SCSI-1/ “Regular” SCSI 8 5 50 SE 8 6 HVD 8…
Protocols
Protocol Description IPX / SPX (NWLink) Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange. The default network protocol for Novell Netware prior to NetWare 5. (Current default is TCP/IP). NWLink is the Microsoft…
File System
FAT16 Advantage Disadvantage Compatibility with all Microsoft OS and some UNIX Root folder limited to 512 entries MS-DOS boot floppy can access 4 GB theoretical size 2 GB maximum in…
Drive Interface Standards
Interface Standard Speed Notes IDE/ATA 2.1 MBps – 8.3 MBps 528 MB limit PIO modes 0-2 ATA-2/Fast ATA 16.6 MBps > 528 MB, 4 IDE devices PIO modes 3-4 DMA…
Command Line Utilities
Attrib Displays, sets, or removes the read-only, archive, system, and hidden attributes assigned to files or directories. Used without parameters, attrib displays attributes of all files in the current directory.…
Cables
Cable Type Common Name Physical Layer Name Speed Max Length (M) RG-6 Satellite TV N/A N/A RG-8 Thicknet 10Base5 10 Mbps 50 (drop) 500 (backbone) RG-58 Thinnet 10Base2 10 Mbps…
Bus Bandwidth
Bus Type Bus Width (Bits) Bus Speed (MHz) Data Cycles Per Clock Bandwidth (MBps) PCI 32 33 1 133 PCI 66 MHz 32 66 1 266 PCI 64-bit 64 33…